Primary Battery

Lithium Thionyl Chloride (Li-SOCl₂) batteries have a high energy density, and a nominal voltage of 3.6V. The bobbin structure is best suited for a low current discharge and the spiral structure is best suited for a high current discharge.

Principle and Reactions:

The positive active material of Li-SOCl₂ batteries is liquid Thionyl Chloride (SOCl₂) and the negative active material is Lithium (Li). The reactions of the batteryare shown below:

Positive reaction:   2SOCl₂ + 4Li+ + 4e- →4LiCl + S + SO₂

Negative reaction:   Li → Li+ + e-

Complete reaction:   2SOCl₂+4Li → 4LiCl+ S + SO₂

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Lithium Manganese Dioxide (Li-MnO₂)batteriescome in both cylindrical and coin types. It is a light and highly-reliable battery with an operating voltage of 3V and can operate over a wide range of temperatures. This allows it to have a wide range of applications including: small devices, security equipment and other types of electronic devices.

Principle and Reactions:

The positive active material of Li-MnO₂ batteries is Manganese Dioxide (MnO₂) and the negative active material is Lithium (Li).

Positive reaction:   MnO₂ + Li+ + e- → MnO₂Li

Negative reaction:   Li → Li+ + e-

Total reaction:   MnO₂ + Li → MnO₂Li

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Lithium Sulfur Dioxide (Li-SO₂) batteries have an output voltage of 2.9V. It is stable for repeated high-power burst discharge patterns, and also has a high energy density. This kind of cell is mainly used in defense applications, utility metering, and etc.

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